Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery, abbreviated as RIRS, is a minimally invasive endoscopic procedure used to treat kidney stones and other conditions within the renal pelvis and ureter. During RIRS, a flexible ureteroscope is inserted through the natural urinary passage, typically via the urethra and bladder, reaching the renal pelvis. Advanced imaging, such as laser or digital scopes, assists in visualizing the stones or abnormalities.
The surgeon can then use laser energy to break down and fragment the stones, enabling their subsequent removal or natural passage. RIRS is known for its high success rates and reduced patient recovery times compared to traditional open surgery, making it a preferred option for certain kidney and upper urinary tract conditions.
Is RIRS done same-day, or will I need to stay in the hospital overnight?
RIRS is usually an outpatient procedure, and patients can return home the same day. However, in some cases, an overnight hospital stay may be recommended.
How long will the laser be inside my kidney, and will it hurt?
The laser lithotripsy procedure usually takes a few hours. After the treatment, you may experience pain, especially if a stent is placed between the kidney and ureter. Most of the pain will likely come from the stent. Complete recovery, including the passing of stone fragments, typically occurs within a week. Anesthetics can cause drowsiness and nausea for several hours after the procedure. Be sure to have someone available to drive you home.
Can I go back to work right after RIRS surgery?
Typically, most patients can resume their normal work activities within a day or two after RIRS surgery. However, strenuous exercise and heavy lifting should be avoided for four weeks following the procedure. It is important to follow post-surgery instructions for a speedy and smooth recovery.
Since they use a laser, is there a risk of burning my kidney during RIRS?
Although RIRS uses a laser for stone fragmentation, it is designed to minimize heat damage to the surrounding tissues, thus reducing the risk of burning the kidney. However, some temporary discomfort may occur during and after the procedure.
What happens if the laser can’t break up all the stones?
If a laser can’t break up all of the stones during treatment, other methods such as shock wave lithotripsy or surgery may be required to remove the remaining stones. These methods involve breaking the stones into smaller pieces or physically removing them from the urinary tract.
Can RIRS treat other kidney problems besides stones?
Yes, Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS) can be used for diagnosis and management of tumours within the pelvicalyceal system of the kidney. It is also effective in treating blockages in the ureter such as strictures and PUJ obstruction, and in the diagnosis and treatment of ureteric and collecting system tumors.
How can I prevent future stones after RIRS?
To prevent future stones after retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS), make lifestyle changes such as staying hydrated, reducing sodium intake, increasing calcium intake, cutting back on animal protein, avoiding oxalate-rich foods, maintaining a healthy weight, and staying active.
Are there any less invasive options for treating my kidney stones?
Small kidney stones may not require invasive treatment. Drinking water, particularly three quarts a day, can help you pass them. In some cases, a non-invasive treatment like lithotripsy, where the stone is broken up, may be used. However, the choice of treatment depends on the size and location of the stone, and your health condition. Consult a healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation.
Will I be knocked out?Will RIRS leave any scars on my back?
RIRS procedure is minimally invasive and involves inserting a flexible ureteroscope through the urinary system, so it does not involve any incisions on the back, preventing scars.
To know more about treating and preventing urological problems, please consult with Dr. Samarth Agarwal.
